Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) causes degeneration of the retina (light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye) and leads to progressive vision loss. RP is caused by mutations in over 60 genes, including the FAM161A gene. RP caused by mutations in the FAM161A gene is often referred to as retinitis pigmentosa 28. These genes play important roles in the structure and function of photoreceptor cells in the retina (called rods and cones) that are responsible for transmitting visual signals from the eye to the brain. In RP, the rod cells, which are important for night vision, break down first. As a result, RP typically starts with loss of night vision. Daytime vision is affected later when both rods and cones are lost.
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